Your next car’s software update could become its biggest security risk


Modern cars are no longer machines that stay the same after they leave the showroom. Increasingly, they’re becoming software-defined vehicles that receive new features, bug fixes, and security patches wirelessly, much like smartphones. But while over-the-air (OTA) updates have made vehicle maintenance easier and cheaper, cybersecurity experts are warning that the same technology could also become one of the automotive industry’s biggest security challenges.

Researchers and policymakers are now calling for stronger oversight as connected vehicles become increasingly dependent on remote software updates. Their concern isn’t just about hackers stealing personal data. It’s about someone potentially interfering with the operation of a moving vehicle.

The convenience of wireless updates comes with new risks

OTA technology allows manufacturers to remotely deliver software updates, firmware upgrades and security patches without requiring owners to visit a dealership. Tesla popularized the concept more than a decade ago when it began rolling out wireless updates for the Model S in 2012. Today, the feature has become commonplace across premium and mainstream vehicles alike.

For consumers, the advantages are obvious. Carmakers can quickly fix software bugs, improve battery management, add new infotainment features or even enhance driving performance without issuing expensive recalls. According to a CNBC report quoting Siraj Ahmed Shaikh, Professor of Systems Security at Swansea University, OTA updates have become an attractive alternative to traditional servicing because they reduce costs and shorten deployment times. Instead of waiting for scheduled maintenance, manufacturers can address issues almost instantly.

However, the same always-connected architecture that enables these updates also creates a larger attack surface. Cybersecurity analysts argue that internet-connected vehicles effectively function as rolling computers. If attackers were to compromise the update infrastructure or gain privileged access to vehicle software, the consequences could extend well beyond data theft.

Gabriel Lim, Senior Analyst at Singapore’s S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, told CNBC that the issue represents a potential national security concern. Beyond questions surrounding user privacy, governments are increasingly examining whether foreign manufacturers or hostile actors could theoretically interfere with vehicle systems remotely. Those concerns have prompted several countries to reassess how connected vehicles should be regulated.

Governments are beginning to take the threat seriously

The debate intensified after Norwegian public transport operator Ruter conducted security tests on electric buses last year. The company reported that one vehicle’s battery and power management system could be accessed remotely through a mobile network connection. In theory, it concluded, the manufacturer could disable or immobilize the bus remotely.

Although the investigation focused on buses manufactured by Chinese company Yutong, experts caution that the problem isn’t unique to any single automaker or country. Instead, they see it as an industry-wide challenge tied to the growing adoption of connected vehicle platforms. The findings prompted authorities in both the United Kingdom and Denmark to launch their own investigations, with the UK’s Department for Transport working alongside the National Cyber Security Centre to examine potential vulnerabilities.

Similar concerns are also beginning to shape policy discussions in the United States. Earlier this year, the American Enterprise Institute argued that protecting connected vehicles from foreign espionage should become a strategic priority. The think tank recommended stronger security reviews, greater transparency around vehicle data collection, and tighter restrictions on certain foreign-made automotive software and hardware.

The implications stretch well beyond passenger cars. OTA technology is increasingly finding its way into buses, commercial fleets, rail systems, ships, industrial robots and drones. As more critical infrastructure becomes remotely updateable, experts say cybersecurity can no longer be treated as an afterthought. Wireless updates are undoubtedly making vehicles smarter and more capable. But they’re also changing the definition of automotive safety. In the software-defined era, protecting a car increasingly means protecting the code running inside it, because the next cyberattack may not target your laptop or smartphone. It could target the vehicle you’re driving.



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My phone is full of life-tracking apps, but it became increasingly apparent that they don’t talk to each other. So, I decided to try logging my sleep, spending, routines, food, and work in Excel for a week to see whether consolidating everything would make the data easier to understand. By Sunday, patterns had started to emerge that I wasn’t previously aware of.

If you want to try the same experiment, download a blank copy of this workbook template for free. After you click the link, you’ll find the download button in the top-right corner of your screen.

What my daily tracking actually looked like

Several apps, one disconnected routine

A frustrated woman holds her head and screams while surrounded by smartphones and multiple notification bell icons. Credit: Lucas Gouveia/How-To Geek | Prostock-studio/Shutterstock

On paper, my routine wasn’t complicated. But in practice, it meant jumping between apps throughout the day. Sleep, workouts, food, spending, and work all lived in different places, and while each one worked fine in isolation, none of them shared context. A bad night of sleep never showed up next to too much screen time, and I never explicitly linked a stretch of low-energy habits to a slow day at my desk.

That separation is what prompted me to try using Excel. I set up a single workbook with five named tabs: Sleep, Habits, Food & Drink, Work, and Spending, plus another Dashboard worksheet that brought all metrics together. Nothing complex—just a shared structure where everything could exist in the same format instead of being scattered across apps.

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The structure that made the experiment work

Building a system simple enough to survive a week

Each tab stayed intentionally lightweight so that I would actually keep using it.

Sleep went into a named table (T_Sleep), where I logged bedtime and wake time in hh:mm format. Hours slept were calculated automatically using:

=MOD([@[Wake Time]]-[@Bedtime], 1)*24


Illustration of puzzle pieces connected, showing a problem linked to the =MOD function in Excel, with a connection leading to the solution and Excel icons around.


How to Use Excel’s MOD Function to Solve Real-World Problems

MOD is more versatile than you might think.

Instead of overengineering the setup, I recorded screen time manually on a scale from 1 (low) to 3 (high) based on how much time I had spent on my phone before bed. Conditional formatting handled the feedback, with lower sleep values turning red and better nights shifting green.

Habit tracking lived in T_Habits, with one row per habit per day and a simple checkbox for completion. From there, I built T_HabitComp, which counted completed habits per day using:

=COUNTIFS(T_Habits[Day], [@Day], T_Habits[Completed], TRUE)

That fed directly into the dashboard, alongside a split between general habits and movement-focused ones like workouts and walks.

Food and drink sat in T_FoodDrink, structured as three entries per day for meals. Coffee was logged at the top of each day’s entry, and takeouts were flagged with checkboxes. It gave a rough sense of how each day played out, even if I wasn’t labeling it that way while logging it.

Work went into T_Work, where I logged hours worked and a productivity score (out of 10) based entirely on instinct. Some days felt focused, others felt scattered, and I reflected that directly in the score. Conditional formatting helped those differences stand out visually without needing extra analysis.

Spending lived in T_Spending, and I treated it differently from the rest. It was more of a separate contextual layer than part of the same routine loop. Data validation drop-down categories like groceries, takeout, coffee, impulse purchases, subscriptions, and transport helped me see where money was going, and I used a separate PivotTable to break down spending by category.

If you add new rows, remember to right-click the PivotTable and click Refresh to reflect those changes.

One small detail kept the whole system manageable: Excel tables automatically expand as new rows are added. That meant I never had to fix ranges or adjust formulas mid-week—structured references meant that everything scaled as I went.

The dashboard turned separate logs into one picture

Everything finally came together

A life-tracking dashboard in Excel, with summary cards at the top and trend charts beneath.

Once I started logging data, the dashboard quickly became the only part of the workbook I cared about.

At the top, I created summary cards: Average Sleep, Total Spending, Habit Completion, Average Productivity, Exercise Sessions, and Takeout Orders. Each one pulled directly from the underlying tables and updated automatically as I logged entries.

Below that, Excel charts showed how the week unfolded. Sleep appeared as a line over time; habits, coffee consumption, and screen time moved in columns; and work productivity sat alongside as its own timeline. Finally, I used a PivotChart to visualize spending over the week. Then, I removed the Y-axis from all the charts, as the point here was to emphasize relative movement and patterns, not exact values.


3D illustration of the Microsoft Excel logo in front of an empty spreadsheet.


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I refuse to let anyone tell me that Microsoft Excel is only for accountants.

That’s where the system started to make sense. Sleep, habits, and productivity formed the clearest loop. When I stayed up late scrolling, I could see it the next morning in lower sleep totals, and those days tended to feel less structured overall. When I kept habits consistent—especially workouts and walks—the rest of the day followed a more stable rhythm.

Spending didn’t follow the same pattern as the rest, and I stopped trying to force it into one. Instead, I noticed something else: on less structured days, takeout and impulse purchases showed up more often. Coffee tended to cluster on busier, slightly chaotic workdays, but it didn’t drive anything on its own—it just appeared alongside those stretches.

Individually, none of this was surprising, but seeing it layered together is what made it noticeable.


What I’ll take away from a week in Excel

For that week, everything lived in one workbook instead of separate apps. When I wanted the full picture, glancing at the dashboard made the connections in my routine much easier to notice. It felt like a useful reset—something I’ll probably return to when things feel too scattered.

That said, it didn’t replace the convenience of dedicated apps. Sleep trackers are still better at collecting data automatically, and spending apps still do a better job of capturing transactions without effort. But the experiment did change how I think about tracking in general—not as separate tools, but as one system where everything sits in the same frame.



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