Don’t throw away your old Raspberry Pi 2 board—here’s 5 ways to repurpose it


The Raspberry Pi 2 is now more than 10 years old, but that doesn’t make it useless. You won’t be able to self-host 10 demanding services simultaneously, but as long as you’re selective, there are a huge range of useful projects you can run.

Here are 5 ways to put an old Raspberry Pi 2 to use and keep it out of the landfill.

Run an ad blocking service

Blocking content is a security measure

My favorite use for an old Raspberry Pi, or any low-power or older device, is as a network-wide ad blocking service.

Programs Pi-hole allow you to configure your Raspberry Pi to act as a DNS filter for your entire network, which allows you to selectively block certain domains from displaying content on any device on your network.

While it is nice that it blocks ads, it also serves a security purpose too. Domains known to serve up malicious ads can easily be blocked so that they’re completely incapable of reaching their would-be victims in the first place. It isn’t a perfect or complete solution, but it is a solid addition to any security setup.

Because DNS filtering is a relatively low-demand job, you can run it on practically anything.

I’d recommend trying Pi-hole first, since it is specifically designed for Pis and designed to be extremely user-friendly right out of the box. AdGuard home is a decent alternative if you’re working with other hardware.

Host a VPN server

Don’t try running your entire network through it

Select the WireGuard server from the available VPN options.

Once you start self-hosting, you quickly become attached to all of your services. Depending on what you have, you may even frequently need to access them from outside your local area network.

You can set up all sorts of fancy solutions using CloudFlare or reverse proxies to make them safely accessible from the internet, but those all introduce extra points of failure beyond your control. Last year, a CloudFlare outage meant that anyone using a CloudFlare Tunnel was simply out of luck.

One of the best—and easiest—ways to build yourself a reliable way in is with a WireGuard VPN server.

A Pi 0W running a WireGuard server


Cloudflare’s outage took down half the internet, but this open-source app saved my homelab

Don’t let a third-party outage keep you from accessing your self-hosted services.

You can install and run a WireGuard server on almost any PC made in the last 15 years without a problem. So long as you don’t try and move several terabytes of data and expect it to be fast, you’ll be in good shape.

I’d recommend installing WireGuard on a Pi using PiVPN, since it automates most of the setup process. All you need to do is select a few options related to your preferences, pick a password, and you’re set.

Set up a retro gaming console

RetroPie to the rescue

Batocera vs. RetroPie vs. Lakka logos side by side in a retro gamer setting. Credit: Lucas Gouveia / How-To Geek

The Raspberry Pi 2 wasn’t a powerful computer when it came out, and it is considered practically glacial today.

Despite its hardware limitations, you can use RetroPie to turn it into a halfway decent Retro Gaming console, as long as you don’t expect it to emulate something demanding, like a PlayStation 2 game.

However, that still leaves a huge number of platforms and games available to you, including many of the classic DOS games via DOSBox-staging.

If you’re feeling especially ambitious, you could even pick up era or console-appropriate controllers to the Pi 2 to make the experience more authentic. If you can’t find an original controller, there are also usually third-party or open-source controllers available for most classic consoles.

Run a small website

Your own Startpage is a good option

The custom Start Page by default.

Websites can be as simple or demanding as you like, and if you’re looking for a lightweight job for an old PI 2, a simple website is a good option.

I’ve been running a glance server to create my own Start Page for a few months now, and it has become an important part of how I collect information about topics related to work and my personal interests. Because it is so minimal, I have it running on a Pi Zero. However, you could also very easily run it on a Raspberry Pi 2 too.

Create a small print server

Any printer can become a wireless server

The CUPS web interface home screen.

There are plenty of older printers out there that work perfectly, but because of their age, they can’t wirelessly connect to your network.

However, if you have an old Raspberry Pi 2 around, you’re in luck. You can quickly convert it into a wireless print server.

Start by installing some lightweight operating system like Raspberry Pi OS, install CUPS on it, then connect your old wired printer to the Raspberry Pi 2.

So long as the Pi 2 is active and connected to your network, you’ll be able to send print jobs from any other device on the network, including phones.


Old but far from useless

The Pi 2 might be ancient in computer years, but it isn’t useless, even in a self-hosting situation. You just need to give it a job appropriate for its limitations. Any project that is appropriate for a Pi Zero 2 is also a good option for the original Raspberry Pi 2; the Pi 2 also has the benefit of full-sized ports, which makes connecting peripherals easier.

raspberry pi 5-1

Brand

Raspberry Pi

Storage

8GB

It’s only recommended for tech-savvy users, but the Raspberry Pi 5 is a tinkerer’s dream. Cheap, highly customizable, and with great onboard specs, it’s a solid base for your next mini PC.




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Recent Reviews


Spotify aims to provide a consistent listening experience that uses minimal data. As a result, your audio quality might be less than ideal, especially if you’re using a pair of high-fidelity headphones or high-end speakers. Here’s how to fix that.

Switch audio streaming quality to Very High or Lossless

The default audio streaming quality in both the mobile and desktop Spotify apps is set to Automatic, which usually keeps the audio quality at Normal, which is only 96 Kbps. Even though Spotify uses the Ogg Vorbis codec, which is superior to MP3, OGG files exhibit slight (but noticeable) digital noise, poor bass detail, dull treble, and a narrow soundstage at 96 Kbps.

Even worse, Spotify is aggressive about adjusting the automatic bitrate. Even though 4G is more than fast enough to stream high-quality OGG files, even with a weak signal, Spotify may still drop the quality to Low, which has a bitrate of just 24 Kb/s. You will notice such a sharp drop in quality, even on a pair of bottom-of-the-barrel headphones.

To rectify this, open the Spotify app, tap your user image, open “Settings and privacy,” and tap the “Media Quality” menu. Once there, set Wi-Fi streaming quality and cellular streaming quality to “Very high” or “Lossless.”

I recommend setting cellular streaming quality to Very high and reserving Lossless for Wi-Fi, since lossless streaming is very data-intensive. One hour of streaming lossless files can take up to 1GB of data, as well as a good chunk of your phone’s storage, because Spotify caches files you’re frequently streaming. Besides, you’ll struggle to notice the difference unless you’re listening to music on a wired pair of high-end headphones or speakers; wireless connection just doesn’t have the bandwidth needed to convey the full fidelity of Spotify lossless audio.

You might opt for High quality if you have a capped data plan, but I recommend doing so only if you stream hours upon hours’ worth of music every single day over a cellular network. For instance, I burn through about 8 GB of data per month on average while streaming about two hours of very high-quality music over a cellular network each day.

Illustration of a headphone with various music icons around.


How Audio Compression Works and Why It Can Affect Your Music Quality

Feeling the squeeze when listening to your favorite song?

Set audio download quality to Very high or Lossless

If you tend to download songs and albums for offline listening, you should also set the audio download quality to “Very high” or “Lossless.” This setting is located just under the audio streaming quality section.

The audio download quality menu in Spotify's mobile app.

If you’ve got enough free storage on your phone, opt for the latter, but if you’d rather save storage space, set it to Very high. You’ll hardly hear the difference, but lossless files are about five times larger than the 320 Kb/s OGG files Spotify offers at its Very high quality setting, and they can quickly fill up your phone’s storage.

Adjust video streaming quality at your discretion

The last section of the Media quality menu is Video streaming quality. This sets the quality of video podcasts and music videos available for certain songs. Since I care about neither, I set it to “Very high” on Wi-Fi and “Normal” on cellular, but you should tweak the two options at your discretion because songs sound notably better at higher video streaming quality levels.

If you often watch videos over cellular and have unlimited data, feel free to toggle video quality to very high.

Make sure Data Saver mode is disabled

Even if your audio quality is set to Very high or Lossless, Spotify will switch to low-quality streaming if the app’s Data saver mode is enabled. This option is located in the Data saving and offline menu. Open the menu, then set it to “Always off,” or choose “Automatic” to have Spotify’s Data Saver mode kick in alongside your phone’s Data Saver mode.

You can also enable volume normalization and play around with the built-in equalizer

Spotify logo in the center of the screen with an equalizer in front. Credit: Lucas Gouveia / How-To Geek

Last but not least, there are two additional features you can play with to improve your listening experience. The first is volume normalization, which sets the same loudness for every track you’re listening to. This can be handy because different albums are mastered at different loudness levels, with newer music usually being louder.

Since I’m an album-oriented listener, I keep the option disabled. I can just play an album and set the audio volume accordingly, and I don’t really mind louder songs when listening to playlists, artists, or song radios.

But if you can’t stand one song being quiet and the next rattling the windows, visit the Playback menu, enable “Volume normalization,” and set it to “Quiet” or “Normal.” The “Loud” option can digitally compress files, and neither Spotify nor I recommend using it. This also happens with “Quiet” and “Normal,” since both adjust the decibel level of the master recording for each song, but the compression level is much lower and extremely hard to notice.

Before I end this, I should also mention that you can access the equalizer directly from the Spotify app, where you can fine-tune your music listening experience or pick one of the available equalizer presets. If your phone has a built-in equalizer, Spotify will open it; if it doesn’t, you can use Spotify’s. On my phone (a Samsung Galaxy S21 FE), I can only use One UI’s built-in equalizer.

To open the equalizer, open “Playback,” then hit the “Equalizer” button. Now you can equalize your audio to your heart’s content.


Adjusting just a few settings can have a drastic impact on your Spotify listening experience. If you aren’t satisfied with Spotify’s sound quality, make sure to adjust the audio before jumping ship. You should also check the sound quality settings from time to time, as Spotify can reset them during app updates.​​​​​​​

Three phones with a Spotify screen and the logo in the center.


These 8 Spotify Features Are My Favorite Hidden Gems

Look for these now.



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