DifyTap: Four Bugs Put over 1 million AI Apps at Risk


DifyTap: Four Bugs Put over 1 million AI Apps at Risk

Pierluigi Paganini
June 23, 2026

Four flaws in Dify exposed cross-tenant data, documents and AI conversations. Two critical bugs enabled unauthenticated access and data theft.

Zafran Labs researchers disclosed four vulnerabilities in Dify, the open-source AI platform used by major companies like Volvo and Maersk to run over a million applications across over 60 industries. Two vulnerabilities are of critical severity, two require no authentication at all, and three carry cross-tenant impact on Dify’s cloud service, meaning one customer’s private data was readable by another. The researchers collectively named the set of flaws DifyTap.

The first and most severe flaw is CVE-2026-41947 (CVSS score of 9.1), which lives in Dify’s tracing system, the component that logs messages and model responses for monitoring and analytics.

“An attacker can configure their own tracing for any application they can access as a client, which includes all publicly accessible applications.” reads the advisory. “This allows an attacker to create a persistent exfiltration channel for all messages and responses sent in the application.”

Getting a Dify console account to pull this off requires nothing more than signing up for the platform. That’s not a high bar.

The second critical flaw, tracked as CVE-2026-41948 (CVSS score of 9.4), resides in the Plugin Daemon, the internal service that runs Dify’s plugin system.

“We discovered two primitives that allow access to arbitrary endpoints within the Plugin Daemon: one via GET and one via POST.” continues the report.

The GET primitive works by injecting a path traversal into the filename parameter of a plugin icon request, which gets passed directly into an internal API URL with no sanitization. Worse, the endpoint requires no login whatsoever, so anyone with network access to the Dify instance can exploit it. The POST primitive has a similar anatomy, just in the task deletion endpoint.

The remaining two flaws, tracked as CVE-2026-41949 and CVE-2026-41950, both involve file access. The preview endpoint for uploaded documents checks that a file is of type “Document,” and nothing else. No ownership check, no tenant check. Any console user can preview any document in the entire system. The second flaw lets a client attach another user’s file UUID to their own chat message, then prompt a file-capable chatbot to read it back. Ask the AI to repeat the contents of the file exactly. It will.

Zafran also found that Dify ran a PDFium binary vulnerable to CVE-2024-5846, a use-after-free bug publicly disclosed in June 2024, for more than a year and a half, until December 21, 2025. Any end user could trigger it by uploading a malicious PDF to the preview endpoint.

“On a wider scale, many AI applications face the same danger. Those applications support parsing of many file formats from untrusted sources, allowing any end user to attempt and trigger known vulnerabilities in programs such as PDFium, ffmpeg or others.” continues the report. “Besides bumping versions regularly, applications should also sandbox these kinds of operations.”

This is a category problem, not just a Dify problem.

The research also surfaced a blind spot in container security scanning. Dify copies unpackaged Python code directly into its container images, which means standard scanners don’t detect the application itself as a component and never surface its vulnerabilities. Zafran developed what they call “shadow container image component enrichment” to infer what application a container image represents and match it against project-level CVEs. Without something like that, Dify’s vulnerabilities would have been invisible to every automated scanner watching the environment.

Dify version 1.14.2 addresses the above vulnerabilities.

“For those currently operating on version 1.14.2, it is highly recommended to implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules specifically designed to mitigate CVE-2026-41948.” concludes the report.

Follow me on Twitter: @securityaffairs and Facebook and Mastodon

Pierluigi Paganini

(SecurityAffairs – hacking, DifyTap)







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I am a recent convert to physical media — yet even as someone getting back into buying discs in 2026, I haven’t been buying Blu-rays. Like many Americans, I still pick up DVDs instead. These aren’t great times for the Blu-ray format, and don’t expect a turnaround in 2026.

Fewer new releases make their way to Blu-ray

More media is now released exclusively for streaming

Blu-ray has been around for two decades, but it never managed to fully replace, or even overtake, the DVD format it was designed to supersede. We still can’t take for granted that our favorite movies, let alone TV shows, will eventually see a Blu-ray release.

The movies most likely to come to Blu-ray are the ones that hit theaters, but a growing amount of cinema is designed exclusively with streaming platforms in mind. I recently rewatched Mississippi Masala, which led me to check in on what work Sarita Choudhury has done over the decades since. A film called Evil Eye released in 2020 caught my eye. Unfortunately, it’s only available via Prime Video. There’s no Blu-ray or even a DVD. In contrast, it’s easy to watch Michael B. Jordan in Sinners on Blu-ray, since that movie came to theaters last year.

You could say that it makes sense that a movie with a 4.8/10 rating on IMDb doesn’t see a physical release, but in the heyday of physical video, store shelves were stacked not only with just the big-budget bangers but plenty of straight-to-DVD movies as well. Now those films exist to pad out streaming catalogs instead.

Fewer big box stores stock their shelves with physical discs

Blu-ray discs have disappeared from some stores entirely

Best Buy store front
Best Buy

The format’s demise is striking. I frequent my local Best Buy quite often and don’t see any movies on display. That’s because the retailer stopped selling movies in stores several years ago. Walmart still sells them, but the selection is a fraction of what you could find ten or twenty years ago. The audience has been reduced down to the shrinking number of people whose internet at home can’t handle streaming and those who might think of themselves as collectors.

If you venture onto Reddit and visit r/Blu-ray, you will find more threads about thrift store hauls and older collections than excitement over the latest new release. Don’t get me wrong — I, too, am very excited about seeing what gems I can snag for only a couple bucks, but this shows the challenge retailers face. Increasingly, only enthusiasts are prepared to drop over $20 on a disc.

I’m not buying discs to stick them in a player

Phone on a stand playing a Netflix video Credit: Bertel King / How-To Geek

The simple truth is that most people don’t want to buy physical media. Discs don’t fit in phones, and the drives are no longer available in most laptops. Even desktop PCs lack a place to put a disk. I recently built a PC for the first time in part to digitize my media library, and I rely on an external DVD drive connected via USB. Yes, DVD, not Blu-ray. A smaller file size combined with upscaling is easier on my hard drive.

Retro nostalgia hasn’t helped Blu-ray in the same way it has aided vinyl. This is in part because most people simply don’t care all that much about video quality. Most are streaming video on Netflix and YouTube at middling settings on small screens, and many of us are acclimated to mid-range phone speakers, compared to which even the subpar built-in speakers on modern TVs sound like a huge step-up. It’s hard to convince large numbers of people to purchase an expensive version of a movie in a format that requires thousands of dollars of home media equipment to truly appreciate.

4K Ultra HD is in an even worse position

It’s been a decade, yet few people own these discs

The 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray format is an enhancement, rather than a replacement, of the Blu-ray discs that first appeared in 2006. Debuting in 2016, the 4K Ultra HD format supports the max resolution of a 4K TV.

4K TVs were still somewhat of a novelty ten years ago, but they’re cheap and commonplace today. Still, people aren’t demanding 4K-quality Blu-ray movies as a result. These discs are still less common than 1080p ones, which are themselves still outnumbered by DVDs.

This isn’t merely a matter of consumers preferring the cheaper option. Often, 4K simply isn’t a choice, or it’s one that arrives significantly later, like the Switch port of a PC title. Some recent films, like Exit 8, are slated to see a physical release over the summer yet will still be in 1080p when they do. Adoption of the newest format has been that slow.

The industry isn’t helping itself, either. 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray discs come with DRM and aren’t easy to play on a modern PC, further limiting potential growth. They do not want anyone pirating these super high-quality versions. When you consider that some of these 4K Blu-rays have an AI upscaling problem, you’re paying more for what may not even be the best version.​​​​​​​


Blu-ray is seeing fewer releases, is available in fewer places, and is less accessible in the ways many of us want to watch TV shows and movies in 2026. With our portable devices getting better and internet speeds getting faster, it’s hard to see physical video staging a turnaround, even if we’re still a long way off from it going away entirely.



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